Toxic ‘Forever Chemicals’ Found at Tens of Thousands More Sites Across the U.S., Study Warns

Key Takeaways (10 Theses)

phys.org

PFAS Ubiquity Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly known as “forever chemicals,” are present in countless everyday items, from medical supplies to clothing and water systems.

Scale of Contamination Northeastern University’s PFAS Project Lab identified about 2,200 confirmed contamination sites in the U.S., but their models suggest nearly 80,000 additional sites are likely contaminated.

Health Risks Researchers found that 94% of tested sites had groundwater PFAS levels above regulatory thresholds, meaning contamination consistently exceeds health-based safety guidelines.

Data Gaps and Mapping Because PFAS testing is limited and inconsistent, the lab developed models using industrial and site data to estimate presumptive contamination locations nationwide.

High-Risk Sites Airports, military facilities, and municipal fire activities showed significantly higher PFAS levels than other site categories due to the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF).

Industrial Sources Metal and electronics manufacturing emerged as major contributors to PFAS emissions, raising concerns as the U.S. increases investment in semiconductor production.

Policy Implications While federal efforts have focused on water treatment, researchers emphasize the need to address PFAS at industrial sources—“turning off the tap” where chemicals originate.

Waste Stream Analysis Mapping not only contamination sites but also waste streams allows identification of industries and facilities most responsible for chemical leakage into treatment plants.

Resource Prioritization The lab’s dataset is intended as a guide for municipalities and states with limited testing budgets, helping them target the most impactful areas for remediation.

Urgency for Action The findings underscore the widespread and persistent nature of PFAS pollution, urging lawmakers, communities, and regulators to act quickly to limit further exposure.